European leaders say Russia is provoking NATO. How will the alliance respond?

A number of European leaders have signaled that Russia is provoking nearby NATO countries. NATO’s article 5 is clear: an attack on one is an attack on all. But what counts as an attack? And how will NATO respond? This episode was produced by Tyler Bartlam and Connor Donevan, with audio engineering by Tiffany Vera Castro. Our director is Jonas Adams. It was edited by Christopher Intagliata and Tinbete Ermyas. Our interim executive producer is Courtney Dorning. Support public media with NPR+ and enjoy perks for over 25 podcasts like this one.